带翻译的英文演讲稿

2022-08-13

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇1

  Ladies and Gentlemen , Good afternoon! I’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. today my topic is “youth”. I hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish it.

  First I want to ask you some questions:

  1、 Do you know what is youth?

  2、 How do you master your youth?

  Youth

  Youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind ; it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshness ; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life .

  Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . Nobody grows old merely by a number of years . We grow old by deserting our ideals.

  Years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul . Worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .

  Whether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being ‘s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living . In the center of your heart and my heart there’s a wireless station : so long as it receives messages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long as you are young .

  When the aerials are down , and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old ,even at 20 , but as long as your aerials are up ,to catch waves of optimism , there is hope you may die young at 80.

  Thank you!

  青春

  青春不是指岁月,而是指心态。粉嫩的脸,红润的唇,矫健的膝并不是青春。青春表现在意志的坚强与懦弱。想象的丰富与苍白、情感的充沛与贫乏等方面。青春是生命深处清泉的喷涌。

  青春是追求。只有当勇气盖过怯弱、进取压倒苟安之时,青春才存在。果如此,则60见之长者比20岁之少年更具青春活力。仅仅岁月的流逝并不能使他们衰老。而一旦抛弃理想和信念,则垂垂老也。

  岁月只能使皮肤起皱。而一旦丧失生活的激情,则连灵魂枯老,使人生枯如死水,毫无活力。

  60岁长者也好,16岁少年也罢,每个人的内心深处都渴望奇迹,都如孩子一般眨着期待的双眼,期待着下一次,期待着生活的情趣,你我灵魂深处都有一座无线电中转站------只有你我年轻,则总能听到希望的呼唤,总能发出喜悦的欢呼,总能传达勇气的讯号,总能表现出青春的活力………

  一旦青春的天线倒下,你的灵魂即为玩世不恭之雪、悲观厌世之冰覆盖;即使你年方20.其实你已垂垂老也。而只要你青春的天线高高耸起,就可以随时接收到乐观的电波-----即使你年过八旬,行将就木,而你却仍然拥有青春,你仍然年轻。

  You may wonder if I believe in afterlife. My answer is: I know nothing about my previous life, so I dare not make improper comments on afterlife. But I do hope there’s afterlife! Because our present life is so short that so many things slip away before our proper understanding. I have so many dreams, so many wishes, so many ambitions, as well as so many regrets and concerns. If there were no afterlife, all of them will remain unrealized!

  也许有人会问我,你相信来世吗?我的回答是:我不知道前生,因而也不敢妄谈后世.但我真的希望能有来世!因为这辈子时间太短,许多事情都是在还没弄明白的时候,就已经匆匆过去了.我有那么多的理想,我有那么多的心愿,我有那么多的奢望,我有那么多的遗憾,我有那么多的牵挂,我有那么多的雄心壮志,如果没有来世,那就一切皆空了.

  I’m not contented with the present commonplace life, I’m very much attached to the affections that should have been mine but have been washed away by the hurrying time, and I yearn for the perfection and maturity if I could start all over again. So believe it or not, I’d rather there were afterlife.

  我不甘心眼前的碌碌无为,我留恋被岁月冲走的本应属于我的亲情,更向往从头再来的完美和成熟.为此,信也好,不信也好,我宁愿有来世.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇2

  Pain past is pleasure.过去的痛苦即快乐。All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事必先难后易。Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.心之所愿,无事不成。Where there is life, there is hope.有生命必有希望。I feel strongly that I can make it.我坚信我一定能成功。Better to light one candle than to curse the darkness.与其诅咒黑暗,不如燃起蜡烛。The shortest answer is doing.最简短的回答就是行动。Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.成功的秘诀就是四个简单的字:多一点点。(凡事比别人多一点点!多一点努力,多一点自律,多一点实践,多一点疯狂。多一点点就能创造奇迹!)

  DEFINITION OF CRAZINESS "Crazy" stands for the human spirit of transcending oneself. It stands for the single-minded pursuit of dreams. It stands for the total devotion to your work. It stands for the passion of commitment to reach the goal. Once you have this craziness, you can achieve anything you want. Let alone learning English!疯狂的定义"疯狂"代表着人类超越自我的精神,代表着对理想的执着追求,代表着对事业忘我的全情投入,代表着不达目的绝不罢休的激情。人一旦有了这种疯狂,做任何事都可以成功,何况攻克英语!

  ALWAYS HAVE A DREAM Forget about the days when it's been cloudy, But don't forget your hours in the sun. Forget about the times you've been defeated, But don't forget the victories you've won. Forget about the misfortunes you've encountered, But don't forget the times your luck has turned. Forget about the days when you've been lonely, But don't forget the friendly smiles you've seen. Forget about the plans that didn't seem to work out right, But don't forget to always have a dream.永不放弃梦想忘掉你的失意日子,但不要忘记黄金的时光。忘掉你的一次次失败,但不要忘记你夺取的胜利。忘掉你遭遇的不幸,但不要忘记你的时来运转。忘掉你的孤独日子,但不要忘记你得到的友善的微笑。忘掉你没有得以顺利实施的计划,但不要放弃你的梦想。

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇3

  A new year ,a new start,when I stand on the edge of a new year,I can't help thinking about my plan of next year.

  Just as the old saying:“Well began is the half of the success.”So I decide that I should be at work while the others are still relaxing ,and then ,at the beginning ,I'm quicker than the others and of course I will get better result than the others.

  But ,what I really decide to do is that I must make good of anytime I can spare though it seems impossible. While,I will do my best to live up with what I have planned,and the result will prove it.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇4

  my dream

  everyone has a dream. i often ask myself. when i was a little boy, i wanted to be a soldier with a gun so that i could defend our motherland.now i am a young boy with a new dream——to be a doctor. i want to be a famous doctor, helping the sick and saving their lives.

  i also saw some people who were suffering and dying of ill-nesses. i made up my mind to become a doctor, so that i can help the sick people and cure them of their diseases. china is a develop-ing country. she needs good medicine and good doctors, especially in the countryside and lonely villages.

  i want to try my best to help the poor sick people of our country. i want to let them have an opportunity to receive excel-lent treatments for their illnesses without having to pay much or any money.

  i'll do every bit to cure the incurable. i hope to see a world where there is no cancer, no aids, no fatal diseases. i'm confident that through the joint efforts of you and me, man will put an end to his bodily sufferings and this dream of mine will one day be brought into reality.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇5

  it’s my great pleasure to stand here to present my speech—change the world, change ourselves.

  it’s noticable that western holidays are becoming increasingly popular day by day, while chinese traditional festivals are being somewhat neglected. not long before about 10 doctors in beijing university and qinghua unversity announced that we should reject the invasion of western holidays ,because they regard western holidays as an challenge against our traditional festivals and culture.

  frankly speaking, i don’t quite agree with ed, we should never neglect or even discard our traditonal festivals as china boasts a brilliant history and splendid traditions. (examples) why can’t we absorb the meaningful western holidays and culture.

  there are obvious reasons why some western holidays are so popular in china. on the one hand, some of the western holidays which we chinese don’t have are reasonable and meaningful, such as father’s day and april fool’s day etc. on the other hand,the prevalence of globalization enables western culture to prevail in china. overwhelmed by such a trend,chinese unconsiciously get involved in western holidays and culture.

  with the further development of the whole world, the cultural communication between different countries and nations becomes faster and more and more important. we are indeed from different nations, but we are the citizens of the same world, so the outstanding culture of different nations is the commom wealth of everyone on the only way for us to protect our traditional culture is to reject the foreign culture? the answer is definitely no. what we ought to do is to spare no effort to educate chinese to get to know and treasure our splendid traditions instead of rejecting foreign culture. only by educating can we set our confidence and belief towards our culture. only by educating can we preserve and promote the wealth that our ancesters left for us.

  at last i’d like to share a famouse saying of gandhi with all of you ,that is:if you want to change the world, then you must change yourself first.”

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇6

  lana Wexler's speech at 20xx

  My name is Ilana Wexler. I'm 12 years old, and I am the founder of “Kids for Kerry.”

  Kids for Kerry is a grassroots organization of kids that support John Kerry, want to help their futures, and get active in politics.

  When my parents went to see Teresa Heinz Kerry speak, they told me that she was amazing! -- and that they thought John Kerry would make a great President. I decided to find out more about John Kerry. I talk about what I learned by using my ABCs.

  “A” is America. John Kerry is a hero to America, and he will help our futures. He is a great and positive role model.

  “B” is Better education. John Kerry wants to make class sizes smaller, so that children get the best part out of learning. He wants to help teachers because being a teacher is educating children, and letting them out into the world to do good things.

  “C” is Compassion towards children. John Kerry wants to make sure that health care is not a privilege, but it is something that we can all afford.

  This summer, I was supposed to go to my favorite camp. But instead, I decided to go to the John Kerry office every day. Kids can really help!

  On , we have an interactive presidential quiz. There are 270 questions for the electoral votes John Kerry will win. Plus, 25 questions to make up for Florida from the last election.

  Our next goal is to have a petition for “National No Name-Calling Day,” a day that the candidates don't say anything negative about one another. When our Vice President had a disagreement with a Democratic senator, he used a REALLY BAD word.

  If I said that -- If I said that word, I would be put in a “time-out.”

  I think he should be put in a time-out.

  The last time I saw John Kerry, he grabbed my arm and said, “See you at the convention.” And here I am!

  What will be even more amazing will be the inauguration in January, when we have a new President, knowing that kids have made a difference in this election.

  To summarize, Teresa Heinz Kerry: Inspirational, amazing!

  John Kerry: American hero, next President.

  Kids need-Kids need positive-Kids need positive role models in politics. And our Vice President deserves a long time-out.

  Kids-Kids, this is about our futures. Make sure all adults you know get out and vote.

  We can have a voice today!

  Thank you!

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇7

  every classmate, every friend! have you heard of white dream ?perhaps , you think hope is green, youth is red, and dream is only natural gold!but , i think medical workers' dream is white.

  you're likely to say : white stands for blank,white symbolizes poverty. but, i will tell you white also signifies creation! white also is the embodiment of vast and pureness.

  people usually speak highly of medical workers as angels in white. because in their mind , medical workers are upright , kind, selfless and friendly.

  despite the rumour and social prejudice, nantingger gave up her rich physical life, firmly, committing herself to nusing career. in this way, she destronmasted the glory of white dream.

  benqiuen strode over country boundaries, devoting himself to medical career without hestion.

  extremly beautiful scenery often exists in dangerous and high mountains.extremly grand music is always dismal. extremly noble life frequently lies in heroic sacrifice.in a sense, isn't medical workers' job great? if one can sacrifice his life for human,isn't he or she happy? as it going: if there isn't inveteracy,there isn't prosperous leaves and sweet-smelling flowers, if there isn't headstream and flowing water, thereisn't rapids and waterfall, if there isn't medical workers' hard work, there isn't good and healthy life of people.

  in a word, no matter what situation we might face, we must stick to the white dream.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇8

  To be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight. But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.

  The growth of our science and education will be enriched by new knowledge of our universe and environment, by new techniques of learning and mapping and observation, by new tools and computers for industry, medicine, the home as well as the school. Technical institutions, such as Rice, will reap the harvest of these gains.

  And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs. Space and related industries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this state, and this region, will share greatly in this growth. What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space. Houston, your city of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community. During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to $60 million a year; to invest some $200 million in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over $1 billion from this center in this city.

  To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money. This year's space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined. That budget now stands at $5,400 million a year--a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇9

  yes,we can

  this is for my people who just lost somebody, your best friend, your baby, your man or your lady. lift your head to the sky, we will never say bye.

  these are words of the song bye-bye. every time when i hear it, i’ll always lose myself in grief recalling the tough time we came through in 20xx.

  the snow storm, the tibet issue, the obstruction to the olympic torch relay,the earthquake……time dates back to the day the horrible earth quake occurred in sichuan, tens of thousands of people lost life and families. i’ll never forget those days i sat front of the tv, moved by people never gave up under ruins even there’s little hope to survive. i’ll never forget those days most newspapers and websites were all in black and white. i’ll never forget those days i had my black coat on, writing down my best wishes to the suffering people.

  at the same time, i also remember those days my friends abroad told me that they joined in the protest against western world’s bias on china and the fight against the tibetan separatists. i can still remember the day when i went to see the torch relay at hangzhou with heart shaped stickers on cheek. i wore the t-shirt with words light the passion, light the dream . when the torch passed by, we cheered go china, go beijing, sang the national anthem again and again, waving flags, dancing, hugging, clapping.

  it was the opening ceremony of 20xx beijing olympic games which shocked the whole world and told the entire human yes, we can.

  yes, we can, because we are united and brave

  yes, we can because we have trust and love

  yes, we can because we are the member of the great nation china

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇10

  Can Money Buy Happiness

  Can money buy happiness? Different people have different opinions. Some think yes, while others hold the opposite.

  It is true that with enough money one can buy all the things one wants, and live a life of comfort and security. However, it is equally true that lack of money causes great distress. It is a common view that "money is the root of all evil.“ The pursuit of money drives many people to cheat and steal. In some places there is nothing that cannot be bought with money, resulting in corrupt societies where everybody is miserable.

  So, money does not necessarily mean happiness. It all depends on how it is used. If we make honest and sensible use of money, it can be a stepping-stone to happiness l Although money cannot buy happiness, it can make happiness possible if it is employed sensibly.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇11

  dear students and teachers:

  my great pleasure to share my dream with you today. my dream is to become a teacher. to be honest ,at first i don’t want to be a teacher, because in my view, this job is not challenge and monotonous . the major reason is that i am not patient enough and want to live a colorful life. however, when i see their eyes, especially the hungry eyes, i know there is something that i can do to change their situation..

  i dream that one day, more and more people will take part in the public service activities and try their best to help the poor students. because we are a big family, only when we do it, our society will be much more harmony.

  i dream that one day, the government will take measures to strengthen the investment on education. of course, it is a long process to achieve the goal -fair education. whatever the government is the most important roles in the progress, just like bridge between starting and destination.

  i dream that one day, when the students get up in the morning,, there should be a light flash in their eyes, with greeting the dawn’s first ray of sunshine instead of worrying about the books even the power and dinner.

  i dream that one day, there will be more volunteers participant it and to be a teacher. as the saying goes, teach him to fish than give him fish. bacon once said, knowledge is power. for poor student is exactly correct.. at present, education is fair in some certain degree whether you believe it or not. they just can change their lives by the means of learning, working, improving and leaping. so teacher is bad indeed.

  let pray for them ,they will be live better and have a bright future.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇12

  good morning, ladies and gentlemen. i’d like to share my teaching dream with you. but before that, i want to say something about the beginning of this dream. in march this year, three teachers from australia came to our school. during the meeting, we exchanged a lot about education. i found that though we have almost the same teaching philosophy, we have different routines. what impressed me most was that their schools end at 3:00 in the afternoon and have no night classes. i can’t tell which kind of routine is better, but the sharp contrast made me think about a better education. the following is a dreamy school in my mind, in which there is no pressure but pleasure.

  in this school, the buildings are well designed, close to nature. in the morning, children can read while enjoying the beautiful sunrise. in the evening, they can exercise by the lake reflecting the amazing sunset. in the spring, they can go to the wild, lie on the lawn, and watch the kite flying in the blue sky. in the summer, they can go to the forest, live in a cabin, and listen to the rhythm of the rain. …

  students are free but polite and they respect each other. they can leave at 4:00 every afternoon, or perhaps earlier. they have the freedom to organize time. they can go to the library, go to the lab, the computer rooms or the playground. they’re self-motivated and have a strong thirst for knowledge. and there are no frequent exams and rankings. students won’t be forced to wear uniforms everyday, and there is no required hair style. everyday is so colorful that they are looking forward to the next day when going to bed at night,

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇13

  Good morning,dear teacher and my friends.

  It’s a very intresting topic today.

  I think my dad was a hero for me when i was a young child. we'd go fishing, walks, and other fun things for a kid.

  Every child has a good and great father, and so do i. my dad played a very important role in my daily life——exactly speaking, in my past 16 years.

  My father always stands in the center of my life, from past till now and possibly in the future.

  My family was rather poor when i was in my childhood. we didn't have our own house and had to live in a shabby, small room rented from my father's factory. the room was so small that there was little space for people to walk. i didn't have my own bed and had to sleep with my parents. this is terrible both for my parents and me.

  But father made this all different!he works very hard on his own business, now we have our own 2 housese,surly,i have my own room.and he take our family so much happiness, richer and richer.

  When i was little, i did everything with my dad. you could always find me sitting on his knee or walking and doing everything with him. every night he would read me a bed time story and make the voices of each character.

  I learnt a lot from my daddy. i learnt to never take things to seriously and to always smile.

  Like many other fathers, my dad and i also has generation gap. he is not good at or even can’t work the computer. so when i sitting at the computer desk,he will say something like ‘you should pay more attention to your study’, ‘don’t waste time on the computer games’ , ‘it will be bad for your eyes’ and so on. how can i- a computer fan – reduce time on computer? so i continue studying and playing on it

  Years pasted, my father is over 45 now. it is time for me to look after him and i am sure i will do and we will live an even better life. and i will say,i really love you dad,cause you are the hero in my mind.

  Thank you so much!

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇14

  Development and the Environment

  It is undeniable that the worsening environment has become the biggest concern of the present-day world. Land resources are dwindling because of water loss and soil erosion. Waste gases poison the air we breathe. The rivers and lakes are polluted by waste dumped in them from factories. It is probably no exaggeration to say that deterioration of the quality of the environment threatens the existence of mankind itself.

  Some people are of the opinion that the environmental problem is the price we have to pay for economic development. But I do not think that this argument is valid. After all, what is the point of economic growth if people's lives are adversely alfected by worsening environmental pollution?

  There is plenty of evidence to show that sustainable development can be achieved by balancing economic growth with protection of the environment. The key to achieving this is to make people aware of the seriousness of the problem. Both governments and ordinary citizens should join hands to make this world a better place to live in, not only for ourselves, but also for future generations.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇15

  but there were problems. one problem is there are some sounds in arabic that just don't make it through a european voice box without lots of practice. trust me on that one. also, those very sounds tend not to be represented by the characters that are available in european languages.

  here's one of the culprits. this is the letter sheen, and it makes the sound we think of as sh -- “sh.“ it's also the very first letter of the word shalan, which means “something“ just like the the english word “something“ -- some undefined, unknown thing.

  now in arabic, we can make this definite by adding the definite article “al.“ so this is al-shalan -- the unknown thing. and this is a word that appears throughout early mathematics, such as this 10th century derivation of proofs.

  the problem for the medieval spanish scholars who were tasked with translating this material is that the letter sheen and the word shalan can't be rendered into spanish because spanish doesn't have that sh, that “sh“ sound. so by convention, they created a rule in which they borrowed the ck sound, “ck“ sound, from the classical greek in the form of the letter kai.

带翻译的英文演讲稿 篇16

  On what we think we know?

  我们以为自己知道的

  I'm going to try and explain why it is that perhaps we don't understand as much as we think we do. I'd like to begin with four questions. This is not some sort of cultural thing for the time of year. That's an in-joke, by the way.

  我会试着解释为何 我们知道的东西很可能并没有我们自以为知道的多 我想从四个问题开始,不是那种今年流行的文化问题 对了,刚刚那句是个圈内笑话

  But these four questions, actually, are ones that people who even know quite a lot about science find quite hard. And they're questions that I've asked of science television producers, of audiences of science educators -- so that's science teachers -- and also of seven-year-olds, and I find that the seven-year-olds do marginally better than the other audiences, which is somewhat surprising.

  不过这四个问题,事实上 即使是很懂科学的人也会觉得很难应答 我拿这些问题去问科学节目制片人 问那些有科学教育背景的观众 也问教科学的老师还有七岁孩童 我发现七岁孩童答得比其他人好 这是有些令人惊讶

  So the first question, and you might want to write this down, either on a bit of paper, physically, or a virtual piece of paper in your head. And, for viewers at home, you can try this as well.

  第一个问题,我建议你把问题记下来 抄在纸上,或想像中的纸上 坐在电脑前的你也可以试著作答.

  A little seed weighs next to nothing and a tree weighs a lot, right? I think we agree on that. Where does the tree get the stuff that makes up this chair, right? Where does all this stuff come from?

  种籽很轻,而大树很重,是吗?我想我们都同意吧,大树用来制成椅子的东西是从哪来的? 对吧?这些东西都是怎么来的?

  (Knocks)

  (敲椅声)

  And your next question is, can you light a little torch-bulb with a battery, a bulb and one piece of wire? And would you be able to, kind of, draw a -- you don't have to draw the diagram, but would you be able to draw the diagram, if you had to do it? Or would you just say, that's actually not possible?

  问题二,你能否点亮一个小灯泡 只用1个电池、1个灯泡、和1条电线? 那你能画出上述问题的图解吗?不用真的画 但如果需要的话, 你能画出来吗? 还是你会说 这个不可能?

  The third question is, why is it hotter in summer than in winter? I think we can probably agree that it is hotter in summer than in winter, but why? And finally, would you be able to -- and you can sort of scribble it, if you like -- scribble a plan diagram of the solar system, showing the shape of the planets' orbits? Would you be able to do that? And if you can, just scribble a pattern.

  第三个问题,为什么夏天比冬天热? 大家应该都同意夏天比冬天还热 但为何如此?最后,你能不能 简单的勾勒出 太阳系的平面图... 呈现出行星轨道运行的形状 你可以画得出来吗? 你画得出来的话,就把形状画出来

  OK. Now, children get their ideas not from teachers, as teachers often think, but actually from common sense, from experience of the world around them, from all the things that go on between them and their peers, and their carers, and their parents, and all of that. Experience. And one of the great experts in this field, of course, was, bless him, Cardinal Wolsey. Be very careful what you get into people's heads because it's virtually impossible to shift it afterwards, right?

  好,孩童对事物的概念不是老师教的 老师时常这么以为,但实际上概念来自于常理 来自于孩童对周遭世界的体验 来自于他们跟同伴彼此交流 还有跟保姆、父母亲、所有人交流的经验 这个领域中的一个专家,对了,愿他安息 就是渥西主教,他说要你将东西放进其他人的闹袋里的时候要小心 因为那些东西几乎不会再改变,对吧?

  (Laughter)

  (笑声)

  I'm not quite sure how he died, actually. Was he beheaded in the end, or hung?

  我不太清楚他的死因,真的 他最后上了断头台?还是被吊死?

  (Laughter)

  (笑声)

  Now, those questions, which, of course, you've got right, and you haven't been conferring, and so on. And I -- you know, normally, I would pick people out and humiliate, but maybe not in this instance.

  现在回到那四个问题,大家都知道是什么问题了 你们彼此之间也没有讨论答案 我平时习惯点人站起来回答让他丢脸 不过这次就不点了

  A little seed weighs a lot and, basically, all this stuff, 99 percent of this stuff, came out of the air. Now, I guarantee that about 85 percent of you, or maybe it's fewer at TED, will have said it comes out of the ground. And some people, probably two of you, will come up and argue with me afterwards, and say that actually, it comes out of the ground. Now, if that was true, we'd have trucks going round the country, filling people's gardens in with soil, it'd be a fantastic business. But, actually, we don't do that. The mass of this comes out of the air. Now, I passed all my biology exams in Britain. I passed them really well, but I still came out of school thinking that that stuff came out of the ground.

  种籽可以很重,基本上所有的这些 99%都来自于空气 我相信有85%的人,或许在你们TED会比较少 会说木材来自于大地,而有些人 也许你们中的一两位, 可能结束后会来找我争论 说木材其实是来自于大地 若是如此,那我们就会有让卡车跑来跑去 把人们的花园都填上土,那会是很棒的生意。 不过实际上我们不会那么做 因为木材的材料大部分其实是从空气中来的 我在英国念书时考生物每考必过 我的成绩很好,但毕业后 还是以为木材来自于大地

  Second one: can you light a little torch-bulb with a battery bulb and one piece of wire? Yes, you can, and I'll show you in a second how to do that. Now, I have some rather bad news, which is that I had a piece of video that I was about to show you, which unfortunately -- the sound doesn't work in this room, so I'm going to describe to you, in true "Monty Python" fashion, what happens in the video. And in the video, a group of researchers go to MIT on graduation day. We chose MIT because, obviously, that's a very long way away from here, and you wouldn't mind too much, but it sort of works the same way in Britain and in the West Coast of the USA. And we asked them these questions, and we asked those questions of science graduates, and they couldn't answer them. And so, there's a whole lot of people saying, "I'd be very surprised if you told me that this came out of the air. That's very surprising to me." And those are science graduates. And we intercut it with, "We are the premier science university in the world," because of British-like hubris.

  你能用一枚电池和一根电线点亮灯泡吗? 是,你可以,我会示范怎么做。 不过,现在有个坏消息 本来有个影片要给大家看 可惜在这边声音放不出来 所以我就口头描述一下的,用巨蟒剧团的表演方式, 影片内容是这样的,在影片里有一群研究员 在毕业典礼那天去麻省理工学院 为什么是麻省理工呢?因为它离这里很远 大家也就不会太介意 不过场景设在英国结果也差不多 或是设在美国西岸 我们问了麻省理工的毕业生这四个问题 这些理工科毕业生也答不出来 而且还有很多学生表示 “我很惊讶你说木材是从空气中来的 ”这真的让我很吃惊“,那些理工的毕业生这么说 我们用”我们是全球第一的理工大学“来作影片的结尾。 因为英国人很傲慢

  (Laughter)

  (笑声)

  And when we gave graduate engineers that question, they said it couldn't be done. And when we gave them a battery, and a piece of wire, and a bulb, and said, "Can you do it?" They couldn't do it. Right? And that's no different from Imperial College in London, by the way, it's not some sort of anti-American thing going on.

  我们拿第二个问题去问硕士毕业的工程师们 他们说这不可能做得到 我们拿了电池、电线、和灯泡 问他们”你能做到吗?“,他们没办法,是吧? 顺道一提,伦敦的帝国学院的情况估计也差不多如此 我们不是在做什么反美的事

  As if. Now, the reason this matters is we pay lots and lots of money for teaching people -- we might as well get it right. And there are also some societal reasons why we might want people to understand what it is that's happening in photosynthesis. For example, one half of the carbon equation is how much we emit, and the other half of the carbon equation, as I'm very conscious as a trustee of Kew, is how much things soak up, and they soak up carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.

  虽然听来颇像。问题的关键是我们花了很多钱 来教育大众,我们应该正确地来做这件事。 其中也有一些社会因素 让我们想使大众了解光合作用如何运作 例如,有一半的碳储量是人类排放的 而另一半碳储量 我相当关切,身为皇家植物园的受托管理人

  That's what plants actually do for a living. And, for any Finnish people in the audience, this is a Finnish pun: we are, both literally and metaphorically, skating on thin ice if we don't understand that kind of thing.Now, here's how you do the battery and the bulb. It's so easy, isn't it? Of course, you all knew that. But if you haven't played with a battery and a bulb, if you've only seen a circuit diagram, you might not be able to do that, and that's one of the problems.

  是植物吸收多少二氧化碳 植物就是以此维生的 如果在场有芬兰人,这是芬兰话的双关语 我们无论在实际上或隐喻上,都是如履薄冰 要是我们不明白那些事 电池和灯泡只要这要做就行 很简单,不是吗?你们都懂了 但要是你没有亲手碰过电池和灯泡 如果你只看过电路图 你可能就做不出来,这是个麻烦

  So, why is it hotter in summer than in winter? We learn, as children, that you get closer to something that's hot, and it burns you. It's a very powerful bit of learning, and it happens pretty early on. By extension, we think to ourselves, "Why it's hotter in summer than in winter must be because we're closer to the Sun." I promise you that most of you will have got that. Oh, you're all shaking your heads, but only a few of you are shaking your heads very firmly.

  那么,为何夏天比冬天热? 我们从小就知道,离热的东西太近 你就被烫到,这真很有效的教育方法 很小的时候大家就学到了 延伸这个论点,我们觉得夏天比冬天热 一定是因为我们离太阳比较近 我相信大多人都懂了 哦,大家都在摇头 不过只有几个人摇得很坚定

  Other ones are kind of going like this. All right. It's hotter in summer than in winter because the rays from the Sun are spread out more, right, because of the tilt of the Earth. And if you think the tilt is tilting us closer, no, it isn't. The Sun is 93 million miles away, and we're tilting like this, right? It makes no odds. In fact, in the Northern Hemisphere, we're further from the Sun in summer, as it happens, but it makes no odds, the difference.

  其他人只是这样子摇而已,好吧 夏天比冬天热是因为太阳的辐射线 传播得比较多,地球倾斜的关系 如果你以为是朝太阳的方向倾斜,那就错了 太阳离地球1亿5千万公里,地球倾斜角度大略如此 倾斜不是差别所在,在北半球 夏天时我们离太阳更远 跟倾斜没有关系

  OK, now, the scribble of the diagram of the solar system. If you believe, as most of you probably do, that it's hotter in summer than in winter because we're closer to the Sun, you must have drawn an ellipse. Right? That would explain it, right? Except, in your -- you're nodding -- now, in your ellipse, have you thought, "Well, what happens during the night?"

  好,问题四是画出太阳系的平面图 如果大家相信,大多数可能都相信 夏天比冬天热是因为地球离太阳较近 大家应该都画了椭圆形 对吧?这就能解释了吧? 除非,你点头了,你画了个椭圆形 你有想过,「夜晚又是怎么回事」?

  Between Australia and here, right, they've got summer and we've got winter, and what -- does the Earth kind of rush towards the Sun at night, and then rush back again? I mean, it's a very strange thing going on, and we hold these two models in our head, of what's right and what isn't right, and we do that, as human beings, in all sorts of fields.

  澳洲和美国这边,澳洲是夏天 这边是冬天,难道说 地球在晚上会冲向太阳 然后再冲回来?这实在很奇怪 我们脑中有两种思考模式,对的和错的 身为人类,我们在很多领域都这样思考

  So, here's Copernicus' view of what the solar system looked like as a plan. That's pretty much what you should have on your piece of paper. Right? And this is NASA's view. They're stunningly similar. I hope you notice the coincidence here.

  左边是哥白尼画的太阳系平面图 跟你们纸上画的差不多,对吧 右边是NASA的版本,两张图非常相似 我希望大家注意其中的巧合 要是你知道人们有错误观念

  What would you do if you knew that people had this misconception, right, in their heads, of elliptical orbits caused by our experiences as children? What sort of diagram would you show them of the solar system, to show that it's not really like that? You'd show them something like this, wouldn't you? It's a plan, looking down from above. But, no, look what I found in the textbooks. That's what you show people, right?

  你会怎么做 在他们脑中,楕圆形的轨道 是他们儿时经验教的吗? 你会给他们看什么样的太阳系示意图? 证明太阳系不是他们想的那样 你会给他们看这种图吗? 这是俯瞰的平面图 可是并非如此,瞧瞧我在教科书里找到的 你会给他们看这种图对吧?

  These are from textbooks, from websites, educational websites -- and almost anything you pick up is like that. And the reason it's like that is because it's dead boring to have a load of concentric circles, whereas that's much more exciting, to look at something at that angle, isn't it? Right?

  出自教科书 出自教育网站 你找得到的几乎都是这种图 会以这种视角呈现是因为 只有一堆同心圆太死板无趣 从这种视角看太阳系比较新鲜刺激 不是吗?

  And by doing it at that angle, if you've got that misconception in your head, then that two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional thing will be ellipses. So you've -- it's crap, isn't it really? As we say.

  因为弄成这种视角 如果你脑中有了这种误解 用二度空间来呈现三度空间就会变成椭圆形 这真是糟糕,可不是吗?

  So, these mental models -- we look for evidence that reinforces our models. We do this, of course, with matters of race, and politics, and everything else, and we do it in science as well. So we look, just look -- and scientists do it, constantly -- we look for evidence that reinforces our models, and some folks are just all too able and willing to provide the evidence that reinforces the models.

  因此,我们寻求证据来增强我们的心智模式 我们用这种方式处理种族、政治、所有事 当然也用这种方式处理科学,我们只观看 是科学家在这么做,我们不断寻求证据 来增强我们的心智模式,有些人很有办法 也乐意提供证据来增强那些模式

  So, being I'm in the United States, I'll have a dig at the Europeans. These are examples of what I would say is bad practice in science teaching centers.

  所以我现在人在美国,就会说欧洲人的坏话 这些图片都是我认为不良的科学教育

  These pictures are from La Villette in France and the welcome wing of the Science Museum in London. And, if you look at the, kind of the way these things are constructed, there's a lot of mediation by glass, and it's very blue, and kind of professional -- in that way that, you know, Woody Allen comes up from under the sheets in that scene in "Annie Hall," and said, "God, that's so professional." And that you don't -- there's no passion in it, and it's not hands on, right, and, you know, pun intended.

  类似教学中心,这些图取自法国维叶特科博馆 以及伦敦科博馆的迎宾翼展示区 你看看这些东西建成的模样 有很多玻璃隔板,蓝光色调,弄得很专业似的 那种方式,就像是伍迪艾伦从床单里冒出来 在《安妮霍尔》戏中的那一幕 他说“老天,这真是太专业了” 这其中没有热情,没有动手参与,是吗 这是个双关,不过也有好的教学方法

  Whereas good interpretation -- I'll use an example from nearby -- is San Francisco Exploratorium, where all the things that -- the demonstrations, and so on, are made out of everyday objects that children can understand, it's very hands-on, and they can engage with, and experiment with. And I know that if the graduates at MIT and in the Imperial College in London had had the battery and the wire and the bit of stuff, and you know, been able to do it, they would have learned how it actually works, rather than thinking that they follow circuit diagrams and can't do it. So good interpretation is more about things that are bodged and stuffed and of my world, right? And things that -- where there isn't an extra barrier of a piece of glass or machined titanium, and it all looks fantastic, OK?

  我举一个例子,离这里很近,旧金山探索馆 在那里所有的东西,展示品之类的 都是用孩子能懂的日常用品做成的 都可以动手玩,孩子们可以专心玩好好体验 我知道麻省理工毕业生 以及伦敦帝国学院毕业生 手上有电池电线点亮灯泡的话 他们会明白其中的原理 而不是觉得他们照着电路图来做是做不到的 好的教学方法不是 沉溺陶醉在自己世界里对吧? 那些东西也不该被隔着 用玻璃或是钛制品隔开 看起来很漂亮就好,好吗?

  And the Exploratorium does that really, really well. And it's amateur, but amateur in the best sense, in other words, the root of the word being of love and passion.

  旧金山探索馆在这点做得非常好 看上去很业余,但业余得很对头 也就是说,根本的出发点是出自爱和热情

  So, children are not empty vessels, OK?So, as "Monty Python" would have it, this is a bit Lord Privy Seal to say so, but this is -- children are not empty vessels.

  所以,孩童不是空瓶子 用“巨蟒剧团”的说法 就是有点像英国掌玺大臣会说的 意思是说孩童不是空无一物的瓶子

  They come with their own ideas and their own theories, and unless you work with those, then you won't be able to shift them, right?

  他们生来就有自己的想法和理念 如果你没从这些地方着手,就改变不了他们 对吧?

  And I probably haven't shifted your ideas of how the world and universe operates, either. But this applies, equally, to matters of trying to sell new technology.

  我大概没有改变大家的想法 对于世界和宇宙到底如何运作 不过这些道理同样可以用在推销新科技上也

  For example, we are, in Britain, we're trying to do a digital switchover of the whole population into digital technology [for television].

  例如,在英国,我们试着把全部的电视 都换成新科技的数位电视

  And it's one of the difficult things is that when people have preconceptions of how it all works, it's quite difficult to shift those.

  有个难题是 人们对事物运作的方式一旦有了成见 就很难去改变

  So we're not empty vessels; the mental models that we have as children persist into adulthood. Poor teaching actually does more harm than good.

  我们不是空瓶子,我们保有心智模式 从幼年到成年一直都存在 不良的教学是弊多于利

  In this country and in Britain, magnetism is understood better by children before they've been to school than afterwards, OK? Same for gravity, two concepts, so it's -- which is quite humbling, as a, you know, if you're a teacher, and you look before and after, that's quite worrying. They do worse in tests afterwards, after the teaching.

  在美国和英国,在磁力知识上 孩童在就学前学得比较好 重力知识也一样,两个不同概念,这实在可悲 如果你是个老师,看见受教前和受教后的差别 实在令人忧心,学童在受教后考得更差

  And we collude. We design tests, or at least in Britain, so that people pass them. Right? And governments do very well. They pat themselves on the back. OK?

  我们都是共犯,我们设计测验方式 至少在英国是这样,好让人们能通过考试 政府也帮了不少忙,他们推波助澜 懂吗?

  We collude, and actually if you -- if someone had designed a test for me when I was doing my biology exams, to really understand, to see whether I'd understood more than just kind of putting starch and iodine together and seeing it go blue, and really understood that plants took their mass out of the air, then I might have done better at science. So the most important thing is to get people to articulate their models.

  我们都是共犯 如果有人替我设计测验 在我要考生物的时候 让我能真正明白,明白我是否真的懂了 不是只在淀粉中加入碘液 看着反应呈现蓝色 而且能真正明白植物是从空气中茁壮的 我的科学可能就会学得比较好 所以,最重要的是要让人们能表述清楚他们的模型

  Your homework is -- you know, how does an aircraft's wing create lift? An obvious question, and you'll have an answer now in your heads. And the second question to that then is, ensure you've explained how it is that planes can fly upside down. Ah ha, right.

  回家作业是,机翼是怎样帮助飞机起飞的? 这问题很好懂,大家心中也有答案了 注意事项是 你要确保自己能解释为何飞机头向下的时候也能飞, 对吧

  Second question is, why is the sea blue? All right? And you've all got an idea in your head of the answer. So, why is it blue on cloudy days? Ah, see.

  问题二,海为何是蓝色的? 大家心中应该都有答案了 那么,为什么阴天时海还是蓝的?看吧 (笑声) 我一直想在美国讲这句话

  (Laughter)

  (笑声)

  I've always wanted to say that in this country. (Laughter) Finally, my plea to you is to allow yourselves, and your children, and anyone you know, to kind of fiddle with stuff, because it's by fiddling with things that you, you know, you complement your other learning. It's not a replacement, it's just part of learning that's important. Thank you very much. Now -- oh, oh yeah, go on then, go on.

  最后,我希望大家能让自己,还有孩子 以及任何你认识的人,去动手接触事物 因为亲自接触了事物,你知道的 你就补足了其他方面的学习不足,这不是替换 这只是学习中很重要的一部分 谢谢大家 那么,噢,没关系,继续吧

  (Applause)

  (鼓掌)